The author argues that Mordecai Kaplan's notion of Jewish peoplehood is central to Judaism. However, she sees this notion as needing to be revisited and restructured; a reframing of the idea in order to give it more power and meaning in the 21st Century. For her, the term is not only about belonging or for the sake of a community, but rather, it denotes, "covenant". Spitzer sees covenant as a social structure with practices, moral norms and obligations. Peoplehood is thus critically important, not just as an ethnic identity or a mere sense of belonging, but as a covenantal commitment.